These asymptomatic carriers tend not to get tested and can still spread the disease. At least a third of the people who are infected with the virus do not develop noticeable symptoms at any point in time. Of people who show symptoms, 81% develop only mild to moderate symptoms (up to mild pneumonia), while 14% develop severe symptoms ( dyspnea, hypoxia, or more than 50% lung involvement on imaging) that require hospitalization, and 5% of patients develop critical symptoms ( respiratory failure, septic shock, or multiorgan dysfunction) requiring ICU admission. In people without prior ear, nose, or throat disorders, loss of taste combined with loss of smell is associated with COVID-19 and is reported in as many as 88% of symptomatic cases. Three common clusters of symptoms have been identified: one respiratory symptom cluster with cough, sputum, shortness of breath, and fever a musculoskeletal symptom cluster with muscle and joint pain, headache, and fatigue and a cluster of digestive symptoms with abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. People with the COVID-19 infection may have different symptoms, and their symptoms may change over time. Common symptoms include coughing, fever, loss of smell (anosmia) and taste (ageusia), with less common ones including headaches, nasal congestion and runny nose, muscle pain, sore throat, diarrhea, eye irritation, and toes swelling or turning purple, and in moderate to severe cases, breathing difficulties. The symptoms of COVID-19 are variable depending on the type of variant contracted, ranging from mild symptoms to a potentially fatal illness.
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